Codebook
for the file dataset.xls - (Data on Maltese General Elections)
The file contains 4,080 records, one for each candidacy (and for non-transferable votes)
Each record has 74 variables  
Excel    
Column      
A NAME An alphanumeric variable, showing the candidate's actual name    
B RECORD Unique five-digit canse/record number  
    (the first two digits indicate the election year)  
C ID Candidate's unique four-digit identification number      
    9999 = Non-transferable votes          
D YEAR Election year  
E DIST Number of the Election District          
F REG Number of registered voters in the District  
    Note: For the years 1921 to 1945, the data are available only  
    for national totals. At the District level, therefore, only estimated  
    figures can be given. These estimates assume that, in these  
    early elections, abstentions and invalid votes occurred in equal  
    proportions in all Districts.  
G VOTE Number of valid votes cast in the District        
H QUOTA The District quota            
I SEATS Number of seats to be filled in the District        
J COUNTS Number of counts conducted in the District        
K CAND Total number of candidates from all parties competing in the District  
L OWN Number of candidates from this candidate's party who are competing in the District
M PTOTAL Party Total: Number of first-count votes for all candidates of the candidate's party
    0 = Non-transferable votes  
N PSIZE Party Size: Percentage of the first-count votes obtained in the District  
    by all candidates of this candidate's party  
    0 = Non-transferable votes          
O PSEATS Party Seats: Number of seats won in the District by this candidate's party  
    0 = Non-transferable votes, or no seats won  
    CANDIDATE VARIABLES: ATTRIBUTES, EXPERIENCE AND FUTURE  
P SEX 1 = Male;  2 = Female.    99 = Non-transferable votes      
  TITLE 0 = n/a (unknown or uncategorized);  1 = M.D.;  2 = Legal profession;  
Q   3 = Pharmacist;  4 = Unspecified professsional ("Dr." or "Prof.");  
    5 = Architect or engineer; 6 = Ecclesiastic;  7 = Military; 8 = Nobility  
    99 = Non transferable votes  
    The information on occupations and professions is quite sparse  
    and occasionally contradictory. This explains in part at least  
    the frequency of the   0 category.  
  PARTY The candidate's political party:          
R   11 = Constitutionalist Party 12 = Democratic Nationalist Party (1924)
    13 = Malta Labour Party 14 = Maltese Political Union  
    15 = Nationalist Party 16 = Jones Party  
    17 = Democratic Action Party 18 = Gozo Party  
    19 = Maltese Workers Party 20 = Progressive Constitutionalist
    21 = Christian Workers Party 22 = Democratic Nationalist Party (1962/66)
    23 = Communist Party 24 = Democratic Party  
    26 = Democratic Christian Party 27 = Independent Labour  
    28 = Alternattiva Demokratika 29 = Azzjoni Nazzjonali  
    30 = Imperium Europa 31 = Forza Malta  
    32 = Alpha Liberali Demokratiku 33 = Gozitan Party  
      99 = Non-transferable votes        
  INCUMB Incumbency  
S   0 = Candidate did not serve in the preceding legislature  
    1 = Candidate served in the preceding legislature  
    99 = Non transferable votes  
  AGAIN Number of elections in which the candidate has competed    
T   1 = Candidate's first electoral contest  
    2 = Candidate's second electoral contest   etc.  
    0 = Non transferable votes  
    Note: The elections in which the candidate competed are not necessarily
      consecutive ones          
  LOCAL Prior participation in local local council elections  
U   0 = No  
    1 = Yes  
    -1 = Non-transferable votes  
    -1 = Not applicable because there were no local elections before 1993  
  PRIOR Years of legislative service previously completed by the candidate, cumulatively
V    -1 = Non-transferable votes  
    Note: Legislative service only counts the time between the election and
      the dissolution of the legislature, but not any intervals between elections.
  DEPART Candidates who left the legislature before the end of the legislative term  
W   0 = Served the full term (this is assumed for the current term)  
    1 = Resigned;  2 = Died  
    99 = Non transferable votes  
X Q-SHARE Quota Share: Candidate's first-count votes as a percentage of the District quota
    0 = Non-transferable votes          
  Q-ORDER Ranked order of quota shares: Indicates the candidate's rank, among all  
Y   candidates in the District, in the share of the quota obtained on the first count
    1 = Highest quota share;  2 = Second highest quota share; etc.  
    0 = Non-transferable votes  
  P-SHARE Party Share; Candidate's first-count votes, as a percentage of his/her  
Z   party's total votes in the District  
    0 = Non-transferable votes          
  P-ORDER Ranked order of party candidates: Indicates the candidate's rank, among all  
AA   of his/her candidates in the District, in obtaining a share of the quota.  
    1 = Highest quota share;  2 = Second highest quota share; etc.  
    0 = Non-transferable votes  
  BALLOT1 Candidate's ballot position, regardless of party      
AB   1 = Top ballot position  
    2 = Second ballot position,  etc.  
    0 = Non-transferable votes  
    99 = Irrelevant since 1976  
    From 1921 to 1971, all candidates were listed on the ballot alphabetically,
    regardless of their party. Since 1976, they have been grouped by party
    and listed alphabetically within their group. Thus, the BALLOT1 variable
      becomes irrelevant for the later elections and is coded "99".  
  BALLOT2 Candidate's ballot position within the candidate's party slate  
AC   1 = Top ballot position  
    2 = Second ballot position,  etc.  
    0 = Non-transferable votes  
AD DUAL Dual Candidacy: If the candidate was also a candidate in another District,  
    then that other District's number is indicated here.  
    99 = Non transferable votes          
AE IN-OUT The count on which the candidate was either elected or eliminated  
    99 = Non transferable votes  
  WIN The order in which a candidate was elected        
AF   0 = Not elected  
    1 = Elected first in the District  
    2 = Elected second in the District;   etc.  
    99 = Non transferable votes          
  FILL-IN Acquisition of a seat which had been vacated because a candidate had won a seat
AG   in two Districts and another candidate was subsequently chosen to fill the seat
    through a "casual [bye-] election.  
    - 1 = Vacated seat that had been won first in the District  
     -2 = Vacated seat that had been won second in the District  
    etc.  
    + 1 = Filled a seat that had been won first in the District  
    + 2 = Filled a seat that had been won second in the District  
    etc.  
    + 9 = Filled a seat in order to give the party with a majority of the first-counts votes 
    also a majority of parliamentary seats. (Sec.  52 of the Constitution)  
    0 = Seat neither vacated nor acquired by casual election  
    99 = Non transferable votes  
  SEATED 0 = Candidate neither won nor was chosen in a by-election. Also, a candidate who
AH   won in two Districts and opted to vacated THIS seat.  
    1 = Candidate won or was chosen in a casual election or, having won two seats,
    opted to RETAIN this seat.  
    2 = Was elected during a parliamentary term to replace a Member who resigned
    or died  
    99 = Non transferable votes          
  TERM For elected candidates, the length of the legislative term, measured from the time
AI   of the election to the dissolution of Parliament. In years and fractions thereof.  
    0 = Members of the current (2008) Parliament (as well all unelected candidates)
AJ TOPS The candidate's highest vote total on any count      
AK LAST The candidate's vote total on the last count        
  CT1 Candidate's number of votes on the first count  
AL CT2 Candidate's number of votes on the second count  
 to CT3 Candidate's number of votes on the third count  
BV to etc. to:  
  CT37 Candidate's number of votes on the thirty-seventh count  
    The maximum number of needed counts has been 37.  
    To preserve the rectangular shape of this dataset, each record extends
      to the 37th count, with each unneeded count indicated thus ---> n/a